The humanitarian situation in Gaza continues to deteriorate rapidly. Oxfam is concerned that Gaza's water and sewage systems may completely collapse as a result of Israel's ongoing blockade. Sewage is already flooding the streets in some areas because the Israeli government has refused to allow entry of spare parts for repairs to pumps and other equipment, while at the same time severely restricting supplies of fuel.

For several weeks, Israel has not allowed sufficient quantities of food aid and medicines to meet the most basic needs. United Nations agencies have been prevented from delivering urgently needed supplies. The situation has not improved following the closure of the Rafah border crossing, and the decision by the Israeli Supreme Court to permit cuts in electricity and fuel supplies. The Palestinian suicide bomb attack, in Dimona, could lead to an escalation of violence which would further undermine the humanitarian situation. Oxfam condemned the recent suicide bombing in Israel. All parties have a responsibility to protect civilians.

Oxfam has been advocating with national governments, the EU, and Arab Leagues to press for the protection of civilians on all sides and ensure that the international community takes robust action to bring the blockade to an end, which is an essential step towards peace.