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a picture of Baila Djara playing with The Snail Band
Baila Djara, a member of The Snail Band, playing a tamanin drum

 

There are many famous Malian musicians and singers. Many singers are women, because that is the Malinké tradition. Even less famous musicians  are dedicated to the art.

Salif Keita, is one of the best-known singers. Salif originally trained as a teacher, then defied his parents’ wishes by becoming a singer even though he is not from the jali caste. Salif performed with the Rail Band, before moving to the Ambassadeurs in the early 1970s, where he performed songs heavily influenced by foreign styles such as rumba, foxtrot, and Cuban pop. In 1982, Salif left the band and moved to Paris, where he has worked with musicians from France and elsewhere.

Oumou Sangaré, the "Songbird of Wassoulou", is Mali’s premier female singer. She comes from a family of Wassoulou singers: her mother still sings at baptisms and weddings. Sangare blends the traditional pentatonic Wassoulou music with more Western sounds, and writes powerful songs about women’s rights. She is particularly against polygamy (the practice of being married to more than one person at a time) because her father had two wives and she saw the effect it had on her mother.

Ali Farka Touré is a guitarist from northern Mali who plays in a sort of blues style rooted in the music of the Songhay and Touareg cultures. He says his musical gifts come from the spirits.

Moulaye Diarra, age 24, founder of and singer in Kereketaba Band (The Snail Band) describes his life as a musician in Mali:

 

a picture of Moulaye Diarra singing with his band
Moulaye Diarra (centre)
 

"When I was very young, I used to take my blind grandmother to ceremonies, because she was a singer. That’s how I learned to sing, listening to her when she sang at weddings and naming ceremonies. Later, when I sang in the classroom, all the teachers would gather and listen to me. Once, I started singing outside in a crowd, and it really cheered people up. At that moment I thought: ‘Moulaye, you really can make it as a singer!’

"I left school when I was 12. And when I was 14, I began to follow a well-known singer called Lobi Traoré. Then I started working for him, and all along I was listening to the way he was singing, and learning from him. He sings mainly blues, and I tried to pick things up bit-by-bit. Then I made plans to form my own band. I didn’t want to work for someone else long-term: I wanted to make my own money with my own band. While I was looking for people to play with me, I sang at weddings and naming ceremonies.

"All my songs are traditional. We use traditional instruments and rhythms: tom-toms, drums, and xylophones. I used to go round to see all the other bands playing, and I would bribe them to let me sing so that more and more people would hear what a good singer I am. I also used to go to someone to learn more of the traditional songs and tunes. I kept looking for the best players, and gradually I called them together. The band began with me and two musicians, but by 1995 we had grown and become more popular and well-known.

"I called the band The Snail Band to be traditional: there’s a children’s game where the kids flick snail shells and they spin like tops. When they’re spinning, they have great energy and dynamism. I wanted my band to have that kind of quality.

"Our work is traditional. This is my first love. I was born into traditional music, it’s what I learned from the very beginning. I just love my tradition and I want other people to know it and come to love it too. That is my aim and my hope.

"Many young people are into other forms of music -- reggae, rap, all sorts -- but when we rehearse, a huge crowd always gathers, so we know that what we do is popular.

"At the moment we get all our money from performing at weddings and naming ceremonies. We don’t have other jobs, we all live by our music.

"If I want to work on a new song, I go up into the hills by myself and just spend time thinking, waiting to feel inspired. I take a small cassette recorder with me to record words and tunes if they come to me. I compose new songs, but they are always in the traditional style. I play the recordings to the band, and we develop the music together. I don’t know how to write very well, so I always just sing it straight onto cassette.

"I sing about my own feelings and experiences. It’s all linked to poverty and how it feels to be poor. I honestly feel that I’ve been psychologically branded by poverty. I lost my mum when I was young, and then my father couldn’t afford to pay my school fees so I didn’t get much schooling, and that hurt me very much. So, now that I’m beginning to get some recognition and beginning to be successful, I want all my listeners to know the pain I carry inside.

"In the year 2000 I would hope to be a star, in West Africa and all over the world."

 

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Photos for Oxfam GB by Rhodri Jones